Xisiwe’ or wolf mask, one of several with long snout and large teeth, painted red and black with plaid cotton head cover, prominent upright ears
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Xisiwe'

Wolf

The Kwak´wala word for wolf headdress, xisiwe’ means, “bared teeth on the forehead.” Wolf dancers perform solo or in a pack with a leader, imitating a real wolf pack. In ceremonies, wolves can appear in three different ways; as a member of the tribe of the myth people, an ancestor of one of the ‘namima or extended family groups, or as a being who initiates apprentices.

Owner

Iwakalas, Harry Hanuse, Mamalilikala (Village Island)

Catalogue Information

Provenance

Owned by Harry Hanuse until its forced surrender to Indian Agent William Halliday on March 25, 1922. Halliday later displayed and photographed the seized pieces at the Parish Hall in Alert Bay. After doing an inventory, he crated the items in June, and at the end of September he shipped some of them to the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, on long-term loan from the National Museum of Man (now the Canadian Museum of History). They remained in the possession of the ROM until the NMM pulled its loan and returned the pieces to the Nuyumbalees and U'mista cultural societies in 1988. In September 1993 Dan Hanuse Sr. requested that his father's pieces be transferred from Nuyumbalees to U'mista as per the wishes of the majority of Harry Hanuse's descendants.

Materials

Wood, Cedar; Paint; Hide; Abalone; Fibre, Cotton

Dimensions

21.5 cm x 15.0 cm x 50.5 cm

Accession Number

94.09.017

Physical Description

Carved painted wolf headdress painted black, red and white. The underside of the wolf is cloth painted with ovoids, U-shapes and dashes in black paint. The ears are outlined in black with square pieces of abalone attached to the ears with nails. A red, green and white head cloth is nailed over the animal skin. The rigging is composed of wood and attached cords.